Los fundamentos conceptuales del modelo gravitacional de comercio: una revisión de la literatura

María Victoria Lacaze

doi:10.52292/j.estudecon.2023.3267

Autores/as

María Victoria Lacaze Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8514-5182

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52292/j.estudecon.2023.3267

Palabras clave:

Modelo gravitacional, Fundamentos conceptuales, Comercio, Modelo de equilibrio general

Resumen

El trabajo reseña el estado de la literatura referida al modelo gravitacional de comercio, su utilidad práctica y sus microfundamentos, cuyo explicitación permitió la incorporación de esta herramienta a la corriente principal de pensamiento de la economía internacional. Los aportes conceptuales en este campo del conocimiento han permitido derivar la ecuación gravitacional desde enfoques que postulan distintos tipos de modelos de equilibrio general; asumiendo diferentes estructuras de mercado y diversos grados de heterogeneidad entre firmas de la industria considerada. La literatura aplicada sobre el tema da cuenta de la existencia de una frondosa discusión referida a las fricciones vinculadas a la distancia geográfica entre países, que cobra particular interés en el contexto actual de globalización.

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