Do different characteristics of teachers explain the educational gap between urban and rural schools in Brazil?

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52292/j.estudecon.2021.1854

Keywords:

Educational differences, urban and rural areas, Prova Brasil

Abstract

The study aims to analyze how differences in teacher characteristics may explain the gap in educational performance of 9th grade students between urban and rural public schools in Brazil in 2017. The results show that teachers with a degree in area that teaches positively and significantly influence the performance in Portuguese Language and Mathematics, the effect being greater for students of rural schools. However, this influence declined as the quantile in both areas increased. Moreover, the decomposition suggests that the aggregate contribution of differences in teacher characteristics, and their coefficients, to differentials is small compared to the aggregate effect of other characteristics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alves, M. T. G., & Soares, J. F. (2013). Contexto escolar e indicadores educacionais: condições desiguais para a efetivação de uma política de avaliação educacional. Educação e Pesquisa (USP. Impresso), 39, 177-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-97022013000100012

Andrade, M., Franco, C., & Carvalho, J. P. (2003). Gênero e desempenho em matemática ao final do ensino médio: quais as relações? Estudos em Avaliação Educacional, 27, 77-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18222/eae02720032178

Angrist, J. D., & Lavy, V. (1999). Using maimonides’rule to estimate the effect of class size on scholastic achievement. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(2), 533-575. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/003355399556061

Blinder, A. S. (1973). Wage discrimination: Reduced form and structural estimates. Journal of Human Resources, 8(4), 436-455. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/144855

Byun, S. Y., Meece, J. L., & Irvin, M. J. (2012). Rural-nonrural disparities in postsecondary educational attainment revisited. American educational research journal, 49(3), 412-437. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831211416344

Clotfelter, C. T., Ladd, H. F., & Vigdor, J. L. (2007). Teacher credentials and student achievement: Longitudinal analysis with student fixed effects. Economics of Education Review, 26(6), 673-682. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.10.002

Dinardo, J., Fortin, N. M., & Lemieux, T. (1996). Labor Market Institutions and the Distribution of Wages, 1973-1992: A Semiparametric Approach. Econometrica, 64, 1001-1044. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2171954

Entorf, H., & Minoiu, N. (2005). What a difference immigration policy makes: a comparison of PISA scores in Europe and traditional countries of immigration. German Economic Review, 6(3), 355-376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2005.00137.x

Firpo, S. P., Fortin, N. M., & Lemieux, T. (2018). Decomposing Wage Distributions Using Recentered Influence Function Regressions. Econometrics, 6 (2), 1-40. doi: doi.org/10.3390/econometrics6020028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/econometrics6020028

Fortin, N. M., Lemieux, T., & Firpo, S. (2011). Decomposition methods in economics. Handbook of Labor Economics, 4 (1), 1-102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7218(11)00407-2

Hammond, L. D. (2000). Teacher quality and student achievement. Education policy analysis archives, 8 (1), 1-44. Disponivel em https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v8n1.2000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v8n1.2000

Hanushek, E. A. (1970). The production of education, teacher quality and efficiency. Do Teachers Make a Difference? Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 79-99. Disponível em https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED037396

INEP, Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira. (2020). Dados Abertos. Disponível em: http://inep.gov.br/web/guest/dados

Krueger, A. (1999). Experimental Estimates of Education Production Functions. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(2), pp.497-532. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/003355399556052

Lounkaew, K. (2013). Explaining urban–rural differences in educational achievement in Thailand: Evidence from PISA literacy data. Economics of Education Review, 37(10), 213-225. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2013.09.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2013.09.003

Marks, G. N. (2006). Family size, family type and student achievement: Cross-national differences and the role of socioeconomic and school factors. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 37(1), 1-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.37.1.1

Mattita, M. M., & Chirwa, E. W. (2009). Rural-urban inequalities in malawi: Evidencce from a decomposition analysis. Working paper, University of Malawi Chancellor College Department of Economics. Disponível em: http://wadonda.com/wp2009_05.pdf

Menezes-Filho, N. A., & Pazello, E. (2007). Do teachers’ wages matter for proficiency? Evidence from funding reform in Brazil. Economics of Education Review, 26(6), 660-672. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.08.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2007.08.003

Oaxaca, R. L. (1973). Male-female differentials in urban labor market. International Economic Review, Pennsylvania, 14 (3), 693-709. doi: 10.2307/2525981 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2525981

Pessôa, S. A., & Barbosa Filho, F. H. (2008). Retorno da Educação no Brasil. Pesquisa e Planejamento Econômico, Rio de Janeiro, 38, 97-125. Disponível em: ppe.ipea.gov.br/index.php/ppe/article/viewFile/130/1024

Ramos, R., Duque, J. C., & Nieto, S. (2016). Decomposing the Rural-Urban Differential in Student Achievement in Colombia using PISA Microdata. Estudios de Economía Aplicada, 34 (2), 379-411. Disponível em https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/301/30146038005.pdf

Rodrigues, L., Costa, E., Miro, V., Mariano, Z., & Jesus Filho, J. (2018). Determinants of the differential in schooling performance between urban and rural schools in Brazil. Em: XXI Encontro de Economia da Região Sul - ANPEC/SUL, Curitiba-PR. Disponível em https://www.anpec.org.br/sul/2018/submissao/files_I/i2-2b3ce3fe4250b1ea23f885e3849779dd.pdf

Rodrigues, L., Costa, E., Miro, V., & Mariano, Z. (2017). Migração educacional rural-urbana no Nordeste brasileiro: uma análise do diferencial de desempenho escolar no ensino médio. In: XV Encontro Nacional da Associação Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos. São Paulo-SP.

Roscigno, V. J., & Crowley, M. L. (2001). Rurality, institutional disadvantage, and achievement/ attainment. Rural Sociology, 66, 268-292. doi: doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.2001.tb00067.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.2001.tb00067.x

Roscigno, V. J., Tomaskovic-Devey, D., & Crowley, M. (2006). Education and the inequalities of place. Social Forces, 84 (4), 2121- 2145. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2006.0108 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2006.0108

Sakellariou, C. (2012). Decomposing the increase in TIMSS Scores in Ghana: 2003-2007 (English). Policy Research Working paper (No. WPS 6084). Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group. Disponível em http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/705881468031495601/Decomposing-the-increase-in-TIMSS-Scores-in-Ghana-2003-2007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6084

Strayhorn, T. L. (2009). Different Folks, Different Hopes: The Educational Aspirations of Black Males in Urban, Suburban, and Rural High Schools. Urban Education, 44 (6), 710-731. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085908322705 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085908322705

Tayyaba, S (2012). Rural-urban gaps in academic achievement, schooling conditions, student, and teachers’ characteristics in Pakistan. International Journal of Educational Management, 26 (1), 6-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09513541211194356

Vidal, E. M., & Vieira, S. L. (2017). Professores da educação básica: perfil e percepções sobre sucesso dos alunos. Estudos em Avaliação Educacional (Online), 67, 64-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18222/eae.v28i67.3936

Wang, J., Li, H., & Wang, D. (2018) Bridging the Rural-Urban Literacy Gap in China: A Mediation Analysis of Family Effects. Journal of research in childhood education, 32 (1), 119–134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2017.1388308

Wang, D., Wang, J., Li, H., & Li, L. (2017). School context and instructional capacity: A comparative study of professional learning communities in rural and urban schools in China. International Journal of Educational Development, 52, 1-9. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2016.10.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2016.10.009

Woessmann, L. (2010). Families, schools, and primary-school learning: Evidence from Argentina and Colombia in an international perspective. Applied Economics, 42(21), 2645-2665. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840801964617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840801964617

Yun, M. S. (2005). A Simple Solution to the Identification Problem in Detailed Wage Decompositions. Economic Inquiry, 43 (4), 766-772. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1093/ei/cbi053 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ei/cbi053

Zhang, J., Jin, S., Torero, M., & Li, T. (2018). Teachers and urban-rural gaps in educacional outcomes. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 100 (4), 1207-1223. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aay009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aay009

Published

2021-02-08

How to Cite

Alencar, N. dos S., Araujo, J. A. de, Justo, W. R., & Sobreira, D. B. (2021). Do different characteristics of teachers explain the educational gap between urban and rural schools in Brazil?. Estudios económicos, 38(76), 45–68. https://doi.org/10.52292/j.estudecon.2021.1854

Issue

Section

Articles